The percentage of an individual's Primary Insurance Amount determines benefits paid in which program?

The correct answer pertains to Social Security Disability Income. The benefits paid under this program are directly linked to an individual's Primary Insurance Amount (PIA). The PIA is calculated based on the individual's earnings history, and it serves as the foundation for determining the monthly benefit amount that a person can receive if they qualify for disability benefits.

When an individual qualifies for Social Security Disability Income, their monthly benefit is derived from this PIA percentage. This ensures that those with a higher earnings history, which contributes to a higher PIA, receive larger monthly benefits, reflecting their previous contributions to the Social Security system.

In contrast, while the other programs listed have their own methods of determining benefit amounts, they do not rely on a Primary Insurance Amount in the same way. For instance, Social Security Retirement Benefits, while also based on earnings, primarily use the PIA as well, but the context of this question specifies benefits in the scope of disability income. Medicare Benefits focus more on eligibility age and are not tied to PIA for determining benefits. Lastly, Unemployment Insurance benefits are typically calculated based on a formula related to the individual's recent earnings and employment history rather than a PIA structure.